Ideals

> R<x> := PolynomialRing(RationalField());
> K<a> := NumberField(x^3-2);
> O := Order([2*a]);
> O;
Transformation of Order over 
Equation Order with defining polynomial x^3 - 2 over ZZ
Transformation Matrix:
[1 0 0]
[0 2 0]
[0 0 4]
> OK := MaximalOrder(K);
> Index(OK,O);
8
> Discriminant(O);
-6912
> Discriminant(OK);
-108
> 6912/108;
64    // perfect square...
> R<x> := PolynomialRing(RationalField());
> K<a> := NumberField(x^2-7);
> K<a> := NumberField(x^2-5);
> Discriminant(K);
20   // ????????? Yuck!
> OK := MaximalOrder(K);
> Discriminant(OK);
5    // better
> Discriminant(NumberField(x^2-20));
80
> I := 7*OK;
> I;
Principal Ideal of OK
Generator:
    [7, 0]
> J := (OK!a)*OK;    // the ! computes the natural image of a in OK
> J;
Principal Ideal of OK
Generator:
    [-1, 2]
> I*J;
Principal Ideal of OK
Generator:
    [-7, 14]
> J*I;
Principal Ideal of OK
Generator:
    [-7, 14]
> I+J;
Principal Ideal of OK
Generator:
    [1, 0]
> 
> Factorization(I);
[
    <Principal Prime Ideal of OK
    Generator:
        [7, 0], 1>
]
> Factorization(3*OK);
[
    <Principal Prime Ideal of OK
    Generator:
        [3, 0], 1>
]
> Factorization(5*OK);
[
    <Prime Ideal of OK
    Two element generators:
        [5, 0]
        [4, 2], 2>
]
> Factorization(11*OK);
[
    <Prime Ideal of OK
    Two element generators:
        [11, 0]
        [14, 2], 1>,
    <Prime Ideal of OK
    Two element generators:
        [11, 0]
        [17, 2], 1>
]

We can even work with fractional ideals in .

> K<a> := NumberField(x^2-5);
> OK := MaximalOrder(K);
> I := 7*OK;
> J := (OK!a)*OK;
> M := I/J;
> M;
Fractional Principal Ideal of OK
Generator:
    -7/5*OK.1 + 14/5*OK.2
> Factorization(M);
[
    <Prime Ideal of OK
    Two element generators:
        [5, 0]
        [4, 2], -1>,
    <Principal Prime Ideal of OK
    Generator:
        [7, 0], 1>
]

In the next chapter, we will learn about discriminants and an algorithm for ``factoring primes'', that is writing an ideal $p\O _K$ as a product of prime ideals of $\O _K$.